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怎样给centos系统扩展磁盘分区的实现方法
简介问题/故障/场景/需求eve-ng的虚拟机ova的硬盘只有38G,需要增加空间,在vmware直接扩展硬盘后,重启系统,使用fdisk -l可以看到硬盘扩大了,但文件系统并没有扩大,还需要将这些新增的空间扩展分配到某个文件系统才行。下面记录了整个扩展过程解决方法/步骤在VM里扩大磁盘到250G重启
问题/故障/场景/需求
eve-ng的虚拟机ova的硬盘只有38G,需要增加空间,在vmware直接扩展硬盘后,重启系统,使用fdisk -l可以看到硬盘扩大了,但文件系统并没有扩大,还需要将这些新增的空间扩展分配到某个文件系统才行。下面记录了整个扩展过程
解决方法/步骤
在VM里扩大磁盘到250G重启系统后,查看当前的文件系统的情况
root@eve-ng:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 19M 1.6G 2% /run /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root 38G 13G 23G 36% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 472M 83M 365M 19% /boot root@eve-ng:~# fdisk -l ...省略部分内容 Disk /dev/sda: 250 GiB, 268435456000 bytes, 524288000 sectors //可以看到已经有250G了 Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x3e3ca055 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 2048 999423 997376 487M 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1001470 83884031 82882562 39.5G 5 Extended /dev/sda5 1001472 83884031 82882560 39.5G 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root: 38.6 GiB, 41406169088 bytes, 80871424 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-swap_1: 980 MiB, 1027604480 bytes, 2007040 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes //下面执行分区 root@eve-ng:~# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): n Partition type p primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free) l logical (numbered from 5) Select (default p): p Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3 First sector (999424-524287999, default 999424): 83884032 //注意,这里是之前分配的最后一块(sda5 end)加一(83884031+1) Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (83884032-524287999, default 524287999): //注意看这是不是最后一块 Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux' and of size 210 GiB. Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3,5, default 5): 3 3 Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'. Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8). root@eve-ng:~# reboot root@eve-ng:~# pvcreate /dev/sda3 Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created root@eve-ng:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name eve-ng-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 39.52 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 10117 Alloc PE / Size 10117 / 39.52 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID EvwUbc-nfsg-dHqA-znxB-U3gv-V782-Q8ZxkI root@eve-ng:~# vgextend eve-ng-vg /dev/sda3 Volume group "eve-ng-vg" successfully extended root@eve-ng:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name eve-ng-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 249.52 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 63877 Alloc PE / Size 10117 / 39.52 GiB Free PE / Size 53760 / 210.00 GiB VG UUID EvwUbc-nfsg-dHqA-znxB-U3gv-V782-Q8ZxkI root@eve-ng:~# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/eve-ng-vg/root LV Name root VG Name eve-ng-vg LV UUID ktUpR0-VpqS-rJJv-a1FC-u6Gd-U8yN-2WYQ53 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time eve-ng, 2018-03-21 02:25:21 +0200 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 38.56 GiB Current LE 9872 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 //扩展逻辑卷 root@eve-ng:~# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/eve-ng-vg/root Size of logical volume eve-ng-vg/root changed from 38.56 GiB (9872 extents) to 248.56 GiB (63632 extents). Logical volume root successfully resized. root@eve-ng:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 19M 1.6G 2% /run /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root 38G 13G 23G 36% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 472M 83M 365M 19% /boot //在线扩容,要先查看当前的文件系统的类型,可以通过cat /etc/fstab来查看 root@eve-ng:~# resize2fs /dev/eve-ng-vg/root resize2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015) Filesystem at /dev/eve-ng-vg/root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 16 The filesystem on /dev/eve-ng-vg/root is now 65159168 (4k) blocks long. root@eve-ng:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 19M 1.6G 2% /run /dev/mapper/eve--ng--vg-root 245G 13G 222G 6% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 472M 83M 365M 19% /boot
参考
在线扩容
使用 resize2fs或xfs_growfs 对挂载目录在线扩容
- resize2fs 针对文件系统ext2 ext3 ext4
- xfs_growfs 针对文件系统xfs
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